Geomorphological change in rivers: research approaches, results and challenges

Although rivers are inherently dynamic systems that susceptible to change, human impact on in the last century is considered have been so significant it has caused an unprecedented intensity of geomorphological change river channels and floodplains. As these changes often lead deterioration ecological conditions as well increased flood risks, approach management changed over past twenty years. There increasing emphasis a holistic based understanding system processes, for which studies represent very important source information. The aim this review present basic methods used rivers, including spatio-hierarchical delineation system, data sources, most commonly analysed characteristics factors change. results previous research presented period 150 include channel narrowing, incision, reduction complexity fluvial landforms processes due channelization construction numerous barriers disrupt connectivity water flow sediment transport. Explaining cumulative impacts predicting future major challenges. These challenges related i.e. large number causal factors, connections, interactions nonlinearity evolutionary trajectory rivers.